历史地理研究

历史地理研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 1-10.

• 专题研究 •    下一篇

里下河平原湖泊分布与水系格局的演变过程(1570—1938)

杨霄   

  1. 复旦大学历史地理研究中心,上海 200433
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-25 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-04-23
  • 作者简介:杨霄,男,1988年生,山东青岛人,博士,复旦大学历史地理研究中心青年副研究员,主要从事历史自然地理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“淮河流域典型湖沼湿地演变过程及景观复原研究(1495—1947年)”(42001144)

Evolution of Lake Distribution and Drainage Pattern in the Lixia River Plain (1570-1938)

Yang Xiao   

  1. Center for Historical Geography, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2021-10-25 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-04-23

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摘要：

1570年后,淮河进入里下河平原的地表径流量持续增加,该区域内湖泊分布与水系格局因此发生很大变化。万历年间“分黄导淮”后,淮水从里下河北部的泾河、子婴沟等入广洋湖,再由射阳河入海,而高邮东南诸水皆汇聚于渌洋湖。康熙年间的“北坝南迁”改变了这一格局。由于归海坝南移,淮水汇聚于里下河中部,自南向北漫流,致使大纵湖与九里荡、马家荡等连为一体,出现南北向的带状湖泊水域。广洋湖因来水减少,原本的统一湖面又分解为獐狮、火盆、郭正、广洋等几处分散的湖荡。归海坝的开启与否,直接影响了里下河的水文环境,并由此出现洪水年和平水年两种截然不同的湖泊分布与水系格局。

关键词: 里下河平原, 河湖水系, 演变过程, 空间格局

Abstract:

The Lixia River Plain, consisting of a great number of small lakes and swamps, spread widely in the north of Jiangsu Province in history. After 1570, the flood of Huaihe River entering Lixia River Plain continued to increase, which caused great changes in the distribution of lakes and drainage pattern in the region. After 1596, the flood from the Jinghe River and the Ziyinggou River entered into the Guangyang Lake, and then flowed through the Sheyang Lake into the sea. The waters in the southeast of Gaoyou all converge in the Luyang Lake. After 1681, due to the southward shift of the Guihai Dams, floods converged in the middle of the Lixia River Plain and overflowed from the south to the north. As a result, the Dazong Lake and other lakes were connected and merged as a whole. Due to the decrease of flood, the Guangyang Lake was divided into several scattered lakes. Whether the Guihai Dams were opened or not, it would directly affect the hydrological environment of the Lixia River Plain, and thus form two completely different lake distribution and drainage patterns in the flood period and normal period.

Key words: the Lixia River Plain, lake-river system, changing process, spatial distribution

中图分类号: 

  • K928